What is hypoglycemia?
Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) occurs when glucose levels in the blood drop too low to fuel the body's activity. It can occur as a side effect of diabetes medications, especially in people with type 1 diabetes. It can also happen because of other medications or diseases. In severe cases, hypoglycemia can cause loss of consciousness or a coma.
In people taking blood sugar-lowering medications, low blood sugar can be brought on by:
- Skipping or delaying meals or snacks
- Increased exercise
- Excessive doses of insulin or diabetes medications
- Excessive alcohol
Signs of low blood sugar include weakness, drowsiness, confusion, dizziness, headache, irritability, trembling, sweating, a fast heartbeat, and a cold, clammy feeling.
How can I prevent low blood sugar?
Low blood sugar can be prevented by measuring your blood glucose level regularly, sticking to your diet and exercise plans, and avoiding excess alcohol. Hypoglycemia is usually mild and can be relieved by eating or drinking something containing carbohydrates. People who have severe hypoglycemia may need an injection ( glucagon) to raise their blood sugar.
